224. The reason there is not the least element of love and wisdom, not the least element of affection and thought, and not the least element of any idea in the thought which does not have in it degrees of both kinds arises from the fact that love and wisdom are substance and form (as we showed above in nos. 40-43), and so likewise affection and thought. And because there is no form which does not have it in these degrees, as we said above, it follows that the same degrees exist in them. For to separate love and wisdom or affection and thought from substance possessing form is to reduce them to nothing, because they do not exist apart from the subjects of which they are predicated. Rather they are states of these subjects perceived by a person in their variation, states which render them discernible.